Volvo Truck VIN decoder,
from the NHTSA record.

A World Manufacturer Identifier is the first three characters of the VIN. NHTSA assigns each one to a manufacturer, and vPIC records the vehicle type and country it was issued for. The 16 codes below are the ones verified for Volvo Truck in vPIC: 4V4, 4V5, 4VH, 4VG, 4V1, 4V2, 4V3, 4V6, 4VA, 4VB, 4VC, 4VD, 4VE, 4VJ, 4VK and 4VM. The list is built from the manufacturers the VINs sampled for this page decode to, and NHTSA can have issued Volvo Truck other codes for other plants and vehicle types. 4 of them appeared in the 148 Volvo Truck VINs sampled from FMCSA roadside inspection records for this page; the rest are registered with NHTSA but did not show up in that sample.

VOLVO GROUP NORTH AMERICA, LLC also files VOLVO and WHITEGMC with NHTSA, in some cases under the codes above. Where a code is filed for more than one make, the makes-filed column says so. A VIN that starts with a code not in this table can still be a Volvo Truck: decode it to check.

4VHJCBPF6XN866674 is a Volvo Truck truck recorded in a roadside inspection and decoded clean by vPIC. Reading it left to right:

• Positions 1 to 3, 4VH. The WMI. vPIC resolves it to VOLVO GROUP NORTH AMERICA, LLC, filed for incomplete vehicles.
• Positions 4 to 8, JCBPF. The vehicle descriptor, whose meaning Volvo Truck's manufacturer defines in its filing. For this VIN vPIC read model WG, series Fuller Transmission/Rockwell Rear Axle, body class Truck, GVWR Class 8: 33,001 lb and above (14,969 kg and above) and engine M11 from these five characters.
• Position 9, 6. The check digit, computed from the other sixteen characters. vPIC reports this VIN with error code 0, so the digit calculates correctly and the VIN was read right.
• Position 10, X. The model year code. vPIC decodes it as 1999.
• Position 11, N. The assembly plant. vPIC names New River Valley, Virginia, United States.
• Positions 12 to 17, 866674. The production serial. It identifies the unit and decodes to nothing on its own.

vPIC's own pattern for this unit is 4VHJCBPF*XN: the positions it decoded from, with the check digit masked. Two Volvo Truck VINs that share that pattern share every attribute vPIC filed for it and differ only in the check digit and the serial.

Two reads of the gross vehicle weight rating, both from the federal record. First, what the manufacturer registered with NHTSA:

• VOLVO GROUP NORTH AMERICA, LLC. Registered with NHTSA in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States as Completed Vehicle Manufacturer and Incomplete Vehicle Manufacturer. Registered vehicle types: Truck, Class 7: 26,001 - 33,000 lb (11,794 - 14,969 kg) to Class 8: 33,001 lb and above (14,969 kg and above) (primary); Bus, Class 7: 26,001 - 33,000 lb (11,794 - 14,969 kg) to Class 8: 33,001 lb and above (14,969 kg and above). 148 of the sampled Volvo Truck VINs decoded to it.

Second, the GVWR class vPIC returned for each of the 148 Volvo Truck VINs in the sample (a class is filed on 146 of them; the rest carry no GVWR in the manufacturer's filing):

• Truck-Tractor: 126 units
• Incomplete - Chassis Cab (Single Cab): 20 units
• Truck: 2 units

If the VIN is not to hand, the rating is on the certification label on the unit itself; how to find GVWR walks through where to look.

3 real Volvo Truck VINs from FMCSA's roadside inspection file, each decoded by vPIC with error code 0. Every field shown is what the manufacturer filed; a field that is missing was not filed for that pattern. Paste any of them into the decoder above to see the full card.

FMCSA's Inspections Per Unit file (data.transportation.gov, dataset wt8s-2hbx) records every vehicle in a roadside inspection with the make code the inspector typed. It holds 384,860 truck tractor records under the code VOLV, 339,189 truck tractor records under the code VOLVO and 16,338 straight truck records under the code VOLV. Native Base pulled 150 distinct VINs from those codes and sent them to NHTSA vPIC in batches: 150 came back, 148 decoded as VOLVO TRUCK, and 145 with a clean error code. The decode, not the inspector's code, decides what a unit is, which is why the same make appears under several spellings in the file.

• Model years in the sample: 1996 to 2024.
• Plants vPIC named most: New River Valley Dublin, Virginia, United States (106), Dublin, Virginia, United States (38) and New River Valley, Virginia, United States (4).
• Vehicle types vPIC lists under the VOLVO TRUCK make: Truck and Incomplete Vehicle.
• WMIs verified one by one through vPIC DecodeWMI; manufacturer registrations from GetManufacturerDetails. Fetched 2026-09-27.

The same record, page by page. The truck and trailer VIN decoder takes any VIN and explains what a decode returns; each page below carries one manufacturer's WMI codes, VIN pattern, GVWR classes and worked decodes.

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• Decode Wabash trailer VINs: WMI 1JJ, GVWR classes and worked examplesWabash VIN decoder →
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Checking the same unit against the FMCSA crash file? The VIN crash check takes the same 17 characters.